El Reported speech o Estilo indirecto es una estructura que usamos cuando reportamos o hacemos mención sobre algo que alguien ha dicho previamente.
Cambios de los tiempos verbales en el Reported Specch. El verbo principal retrocede un tiempo verbal: si en directo tenemos: "I live in Italy". She said. En reported speech: "She said that she lived in Italy".
Direct Speech | → | Reported Speech |
---|---|---|
Present | → | Past |
"I work in Argentina" | He said that he worked in Argentina | |
"I am doing my job" | He said that he was doing his job | |
Past | → | Past Perfect |
"We saw a good film on TV" | He said they had seen a good film on TV. | |
"I was dancing with Mary" | He said he had been dancing with Mary | |
Present Perfect | → | Past Perfect |
"I have done this before" | She said that she had done that before | |
"I have been doing this for two years" | He said that he had been doing that for two years | |
Future | → | Conditional |
"I will visit my mother" | He said that he would visit his mother | |
"I will be flying to Spain" | He said that he would be flying to Spain | |
Future Perfect | → | Conditional Perfect |
"I will have arrived there by 5 pm" | He said he would have arrived here by 5 pm | |
"I will have been selling books for two years" | He said that he would have been sellingbooks for two years |
Ejemplos:
Present → Past
- John: "I work in Argentina"John: "Yo trabajo en Argentina"
- He said that he worked in ArgentinaEl dijo que trabajaba en Argentina
- Kelly: "I don't like fish"Kelly: "No me gusta el pescado"
- She said she didn't like fishElla dijo que no le gustaba el pescado
- Joe: "I am doing my job"Joe: "Estoy haciendo mi trabajo"
- He said that he was doing his jobEl dijo que estaba haciendo su trabajo
- Pam and Tim: "We are living in New York"Pam y Tim: "Estamos viviendo en Nueva York"
- They said that they were living in New YorkEllos dijeron que estaban viviendo en Nueva York
Past → Past Perfect
- Dan: "We saw a good film on TV"Dan: "Vimos una buena película en la televisión"
- He said that they had seen a good film on TVEl dijo que habían visto una buena película en la televisión
- Lou and Sarah: "We didn't read 'Hamlet'"Lou y Sarah: "No leímos 'Hamlet'"
- They said that they hadn't read 'Hamlet'Ellos dijeron que no habían leído 'Hamlet'
- Chuck: "I was dancing with Mary"Chuck: "Estaba bailando con Mary"
- He said that he had been dancing with MaryEl dijo que había estado bailando con Mary
- Rick and Amy: "We weren't looking for Tom"Rick y Amy: "No estábamos buscando a Tom"
- They said that they hadn't been looking for TomEllos dijeron que no habían estado buscando a Tom
Present Perfect → Past Perfect
- Kim: "I have done this before"Kim: "He hecho esto antes"
- She said that she had done that beforeElla dijo que había hecho eso antes
- Nick: "I haven't heard from Dean"Nick: "No he sabido nada de Dean"
- He said that he hadn't heard from DeanEl dijo que no había sabido nada de Dean
- Chris: "I have been doing this for two years"Chris: "He estado haciendo esto por dos años"
- He said that he had been doing that for two yearsEl dijo que había estado haciendo eso por dos años
- Kate: "I have been living here for 5 months"Kate: "He estado viviendo aquí por 5 meses"
- She said that she had been living there for 5 monthsElla dijo que había estado viviendo allí por 5 meses
Future → Conditional
- Tom: "I will visit my mother"Tom: "Visitaré a mi madre"
- He said that he would visit his motherel dijo que visitaría a su madre
- Mark: "I won't listen to you"Mark: "No te escucharé"
- He said that he wouldn't listen to meEl dijo que no me escucharía
- Phil: "I will be flying to Spain"Phil: "Estaré volando a España"
- He said that he would be flying to SpainEl dijo que estaría volando a España
- Walt: "I will be staying at a good hotel"Walt: "Me estaré hospedando en un buen hotel"
- He said that he would be staying at a good hotelEl dijo que se estaría hospedando en un buen hotel
Future Perfect → Conditional Perfect
- Jim: "I will have arrived there by 5 pm"Jim: "Para las 5 pm habré llegado allí"
- He said that he would have arrived there by 5 pmEl dijo que habría llegado allí para las 5 pm
- Bob: "I will have sent all the products by tomorrow"Bob: "Habré enviado todos los productos para mañana"
- He said that the would have sent all the products by tomorrowEl dijo que habría enviado todos los productos para mañana
- Sam: "I will have been selling books for two years"Sam: "Habré estado vendiendo libros por dos años"
- He said that he would have been selling books for two yearsEl dijo que habría estado vendiendo libros por dos años
- Cindy: "He will have been sleeping for 13 hours"Cindy: "El habrá estado durmiendo por 13 horas"
- She said that he would have been sleeping for 13 hoursElla dijo que él habría estado durmiendo por 13 horas